「John Browning」修訂間的差異

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'''約翰·摩西·勃朗寧（John Moses Browning）'''或翻成'''約翰·白朗寧'''（[[1855年]][[1月21日]]或[[1月23日]]生-[[1926年]][[11月26日]]亡）是[[美國]]的[[槍械]][[設計師]]，他曾經設計過許多種類的槍支、子彈、火砲，且許多作品現在還被廣泛使用。他可以說是近現代自動武器的重要人物，並自[[1879年]][[10月7日]]以降共取得了128項槍械[[專利]]。
 
'''約翰·摩西·勃朗寧（John Moses Browning）'''或翻成'''約翰·白朗寧'''（[[1855年]][[1月21日]]或[[1月23日]]生-[[1926年]][[11月26日]]亡）是[[美國]]的[[槍械]][[設計師]]，他曾經設計過許多種類的槍支、子彈、火砲，且許多作品現在還被廣泛使用。他可以說是近現代自動武器的重要人物，並自[[1879年]][[10月7日]]以降共取得了128項槍械[[專利]]。
  
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勃朗寧幾乎影響了之後的所有子彈設計，同時也對[[槓桿式步槍]]、[[單發步槍]]及[[滑動式槍機]]等有顯著貢獻。然而他最有力的領域還是自動裝填槍械。他靠著發明[[滑動式槍機]]這種現在被普遍應用的技術來開發自動裝填[[手槍]]。他也發明了第一支[[氣體作用式]][[機關槍]]，運用了[[柯爾特-勃朗寧1895模型]]這個比[[後座作用式]]得到更廣泛支持的系統。其他成功的設計還有諸如[[勃朗寧M2機關槍]]、[[M1918勃朗寧自動步槍]]還有開拓性的半自動[[霰彈鎗]][[勃朗寧Auto-5]]等。
+
勃朗寧幾乎影響了之後的所有子彈設計，同時也對[[槓桿式步槍]]、[[單發步槍]]及[[滑動式槍機]]等有顯著貢獻。然而他最有力的領域還是自動裝填槍械。他靠著發明[[滑動式槍機]]這種現在被普遍應用的技術來開發自動裝填[[手槍]]。他也發明了第一支[[氣體作用式]][[機關槍]]，運用了[[柯爾特-勃朗寧1895型]]這個比[[後座作用式]]得到更廣泛支持的系統。其他成功的設計還有諸如[[勃朗寧M2機關槍]]、[[M1918勃朗寧自動步槍]]還有開拓性的半自動[[霰彈鎗]][[勃朗寧Auto-5]]等。
  
 
==歷史==
 
==歷史==
 +
 
Browning belonged to [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] and served a two year mission in [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] beginning on [[March 28]], [[1887]]. His father [[Jonathan Browning]], who was among the thousands of [[Mormon]] [[settler|pioneer]]s in the mass exodus from [[Nauvoo, Illinois]] to [[Utah]], had established a [[gunsmith]] shop in Ogden in 1852. John Moses worked in his fathers shop and later developed his first rifle a single-shot falling-block design, in that capacity. He founded his own manufacturing operation and began to produce this firearm.
 
Browning belonged to [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] and served a two year mission in [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] beginning on [[March 28]], [[1887]]. His father [[Jonathan Browning]], who was among the thousands of [[Mormon]] [[settler|pioneer]]s in the mass exodus from [[Nauvoo, Illinois]] to [[Utah]], had established a [[gunsmith]] shop in Ogden in 1852. John Moses worked in his fathers shop and later developed his first rifle a single-shot falling-block design, in that capacity. He founded his own manufacturing operation and began to produce this firearm.
  
 
Production examples of the Browning single-shot caught the attention of the [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company]] who dispatched a representative to evaluate the competition. Winchester bought the design and moved production to their Conneticut factory. From 1883, Browning worked in partnership with Winchester and designed a series of rifles and shotguns, most notably the [[Winchester Model 1887/1901|Winchester Model 1887]] and [[Winchester Model 1897|Model 1897]] shotguns and the lever-action [[Winchester Model 1886|Model 1886]], [[Winchester Model 1892|Model 1892]], [[Winchester Model 1894|Model 1894]] and [[Winchester Model 1895|Model 1895]] rifles, most of which are still in production today in some form.
 
Production examples of the Browning single-shot caught the attention of the [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company]] who dispatched a representative to evaluate the competition. Winchester bought the design and moved production to their Conneticut factory. From 1883, Browning worked in partnership with Winchester and designed a series of rifles and shotguns, most notably the [[Winchester Model 1887/1901|Winchester Model 1887]] and [[Winchester Model 1897|Model 1897]] shotguns and the lever-action [[Winchester Model 1886|Model 1886]], [[Winchester Model 1892|Model 1892]], [[Winchester Model 1894|Model 1894]] and [[Winchester Model 1895|Model 1895]] rifles, most of which are still in production today in some form.
  
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[[FN M1910手槍]]可以説是勃朗寧設計中得到最聲名狼藉的槍械
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[[FN M1910手槍]]可以説是勃朗寧設計中得到最聲名狼藉的槍械。1914年時[[Gavrilo Princip|加夫里若·普林西普]]使用[[.380 ACP]]手槍[[塞拉耶佛事件|刺殺]][[奧匈帝國]]皇位繼承人費迪南大公夫婦。此事件可説是[[第一次世界大戰]]的導火線。這把手槍已經在[[2004年]]被發現。
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Perhaps the most infamous singular Browning-designed firearm was a [[FN Model 1910]] handgun, [[serial number]] 19074.<ref>Belfield, Richard. ''The Assassination Business: A History of State-Sponsored Murder'', Carroll & Graf Publishers: New York. ISBN: 0786713437 pg. 237</ref> In 1914, [[Gavrilo Princip]] used the [[.380 ACP]] pistol to [[Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand|assassinate]] [[Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria]] and his wife, Sophie.  This event arguably sparked [[World War I]]. The pistol was rediscovered in 2004.<ref>{{cite news | title=Found: the gun that shook the world | url=http://news.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/06/22/wferd22.xml | first = Kate | last=Connolly |date=[[2004-06-21]] | publisher = The Telegraph | accessdate=2007-1-23 }}</ref>
 
  
 
On [[November 26]], [[1926]], while working on a self-loading pistol design for FN in [[Liège (city)|Liege]], he died of heart failure in the office of his son [[Val A. Browning|Val]]. The 9 mm self-loading pistol he was working on when he died was eventually completed in 1935, by Belgian designer [[Dieudonne Saive]]. Released as the Fabrique Nationale GP35, it was more popularly known as the [[Browning Hi-Power]]. The Superposed shotgun was his last firearm design, marketed originally with twin triggers.  A single trigger modification was later completed by his son, Val A. Browning.
 
On [[November 26]], [[1926]], while working on a self-loading pistol design for FN in [[Liège (city)|Liege]], he died of heart failure in the office of his son [[Val A. Browning|Val]]. The 9 mm self-loading pistol he was working on when he died was eventually completed in 1935, by Belgian designer [[Dieudonne Saive]]. Released as the Fabrique Nationale GP35, it was more popularly known as the [[Browning Hi-Power]]. The Superposed shotgun was his last firearm design, marketed originally with twin triggers.  A single trigger modification was later completed by his son, Val A. Browning.
  
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Throughout his life, Browning designed weapons for his own company, Winchester, Colt, [[Remington Arms|Remington]], [[Savage Arms|Savage]], and Fabrique Nationale of [[Belgium]]. In 1977, FN acquired the [[Browning Arms Company]] which had been established in 1927, the year after Browning's death.
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終其一生，勃朗寧都在為他自己的公司、[[Winchester（公司）|温彻斯特]]、[[Colt|柯爾特]]、[[Remington Arms|雷明頓]]、[[Savage Arms|薩維奇]]及[[比利時]]的[[Fabrique Nationale|FN]]。[[1977年]]FN接收了在勃朗寧死後一年成立的[[Browning Arms Company|勃朗寧武器公司]]。
  
 
==作品==
 
==作品==
 
===槍械===
 
===槍械===
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*[[M1895 Colt-Browning machine gun]]
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*[[Colt Model 1897]]
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*[[FN M1900|FN Browning M1899/M1900]]
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*[[Colt M1900|Colt Model 1900]]
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*[[Colt Model 1902]]
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*[[Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammer]] (.38 ACP)
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*[[Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless]] (.32 ACP)
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*[[Colt Model 1905]], the first .45 ACP
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*[[Remington Model 8]] (1906), a long recoil semi-automatic rifle       
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*[[Colt Model 1908 Vest Pocket]] (.25 ACP)
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*[[Colt Model 1908 Pocket Hammerless]] (.380 ACP)
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*[[FN Model 1910]]
 +
*[[M1911 Colt pistol|U.S. Model 1911]], the first .45 ACP military handgun
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1886]] lever-action repeating rifle
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1887/1901|Winchester Model 1887]] lever-action repeating shotgun
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1890]] slide-action repeating rifle (.22)
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1892]] lever-action repeating rifle
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1894]] lever-action repeating rifle
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1895]] lever-action repeating rifle
 +
*[[Winchester Model 1897]] pump-action repeating shotgun
 +
*[[Browning Auto-5]] long recoil semi-automatic shotgun
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*[[M1917 Browning machine gun|U.S. Model 1917]] water-cooled machine gun
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*[[M1919 Browning machine gun|Model 1919]] air-cooled machine gun
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*[[M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle|Browning Automatic Rifle]] (BAR) of 1917
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*[[M2 Browning machine gun|Browning M2]] .50-caliber heavy [[machine gun]] of 1921
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*The [[Browning Hi-Power]], the last pistol that John Browning developed
 +
* The Superposed over/under shotgun was designed by John Browning in 1922 and entered production in 1931
 
===子彈===
 
===子彈===
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*[[.25 ACP]]
 +
*[[.32 ACP]]
 +
*[[.38 Super|.38 ACP]]
 +
*9mm Browning Long
 +
*[[.380 ACP]]
 +
*[[.45 ACP]]
 +
*[[.50 BMG]]
 
==軍事武器==
 
==軍事武器==
  
 
==專利==
 
==專利==

於 2008年3月7日 (五) 16:17 的修訂

John Moses Browning.jpg

約翰·摩西·勃朗寧（John Moses Browning）或翻成約翰·白朗寧（1855年1月21日或1月23日生-1926年11月26日亡）是美國的槍械設計師，他曾經設計過許多種類的槍支、子彈、火砲，且許多作品現在還被廣泛使用。他可以說是近現代自動武器的重要人物，並自1879年10月7日以降共取得了128項槍械專利。

勃朗寧幾乎影響了之後的所有子彈設計，同時也對槓桿式步槍、單發步槍及滑動式槍機等有顯著貢獻。然而他最有力的領域還是自動裝填槍械。他靠著發明滑動式槍機這種現在被普遍應用的技術來開發自動裝填手槍。他也發明了第一支氣體作用式機關槍，運用了柯爾特-勃朗寧1895型這個比後座作用式得到更廣泛支持的系統。其他成功的設計還有諸如勃朗寧M2機關槍、M1918勃朗寧自動步槍還有開拓性的半自動霰彈鎗勃朗寧Auto-5等。

歷史

Browning belonged to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and served a two year mission in Georgia beginning on March 28, 1887. His father Jonathan Browning, who was among the thousands of Mormon pioneers in the mass exodus from Nauvoo, Illinois to Utah, had established a gunsmith shop in Ogden in 1852. John Moses worked in his fathers shop and later developed his first rifle a single-shot falling-block design, in that capacity. He founded his own manufacturing operation and began to produce this firearm.

Production examples of the Browning single-shot caught the attention of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company who dispatched a representative to evaluate the competition. Winchester bought the design and moved production to their Conneticut factory. From 1883, Browning worked in partnership with Winchester and designed a series of rifles and shotguns, most notably the Winchester Model 1887 and Model 1897 shotguns and the lever-action Model 1886, Model 1892, Model 1894 and Model 1895 rifles, most of which are still in production today in some form.

FN M1910手槍可以説是勃朗寧設計中得到最聲名狼藉的槍械。1914年時加夫里若·普林西普使用.380 ACP手槍刺殺奧匈帝國皇位繼承人費迪南大公夫婦。此事件可説是第一次世界大戰的導火線。這把手槍已經在2004年被發現。

On November 26, 1926, while working on a self-loading pistol design for FN in Liege, he died of heart failure in the office of his son Val. The 9 mm self-loading pistol he was working on when he died was eventually completed in 1935, by Belgian designer Dieudonne Saive. Released as the Fabrique Nationale GP35, it was more popularly known as the Browning Hi-Power. The Superposed shotgun was his last firearm design, marketed originally with twin triggers. A single trigger modification was later completed by his son, Val A. Browning.

終其一生，勃朗寧都在為他自己的公司、温彻斯特、柯爾特、雷明頓、薩維奇及比利時的FN。1977年FN接收了在勃朗寧死後一年成立的勃朗寧武器公司。

作品

槍械

子彈

軍事武器

專利

取自「http://wiki.cyesuta.org/index.php?title=John_Browning&oldid=1041」